Jonas Sark essays

Jonas Sark expositions In the 1950's, late spring was a period of dread for some guardians. Mid year was the season when youngsters by the hundreds got contaminated with the devastating infection poliomyelitis. This dread was at long last lifted when it was declared that Dr. Jonas Salk had built up an immunization against the illness. Salk became world-renowned short-term, however his revelation was the aftereffect of numerous long periods of examination. Salk was known as a marvel from God. He was additionally called The Man Who Saved the Children. He further charmed himself to people in general by declining to patent the antibody. He wanted to benefit by and by from the revelation, yet just wished to see the antibody spread as generally as could reasonably be expected. In nations where Salk's antibody has stayed being used, the infection has been for all intents and purposes wiped out. Polio was a devastating malady that guardians around the world were frightened of. Maybe polio's other name, puerile loss of motion, had something to do with it. Pictures of children in wheelchairs and tots on braces will in general modify one's recognition. Furthermore, just on the off chance that anybody wasn't sufficiently frightened, the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis pounded the bad dream home with photographs that appeared to show up wherever of dismal glancing youngsters in leg supports. It would be ideal if you provide for the March of Dimes It was unavoidable that whoever was first to ease such feelings of trepidation would turn into a national saint. The Man Who Saved the Children ought to be useful for a sculpture in each town on the planet. What's more, since the chances of a microbiologist's turning out to be even somewhat well known are a great deal more terrible than 5,000 to 1, it was maybe unavoidable that this current saint's accomplishments would promptly be questioned. In a logical field so vigorously kept an eye on, discoveries routinely bungle and even minor revelations can leave a path of cases and counterclaims, also jealousy and rancor that are really serious. Jonas Salk was conceived on October 28, 1914. His folks were Russian-Jewish outsiders who, in spite of the fact that ... <!

Existentialism Essay -- essays research papers

Existentialism, which spread quickly over mainland Europe after the First World War, is basically the investigation of the state of man, of the specific condition free, and of man's having continually to utilize his opportunity all together top answer the ever-changing and unforeseen difficulties of the day. As indicated by the Existentialists, the beginning stage of each philosophical examination is solid human presence. That implies that human character in itself should guide the route toward the total estimation of the real world. A solitary meaning of existentialism is outlandish. Definitions, gave by word references are just piece of what existentialism is about. †¦central to every definition is the attestation that existentialism is a hypothesis or proclamation about the idea of man's presence. (1) The term is so hard to characterize in light of the fact that, in contrast to different terms, existentialism isn't widespread. At the end of the day, there are no two existenti alists, which share the very same qualities or convictions. Albeit, here is one significant topic: a weight on singular presence, subjectivity, singular opportunity, and decision. There are two sorts of existentialist; first the individuals who are Christian, and then again the skeptical existentialists. Numerous new to the subject individuals partner existentialism with skepticism, yet they are incorrect. In all actuality most of existentialists are not nonbelievers. Sartre, which we place among nonbelievers, stress that focal worry of theory is human presence. He says that individual is an extraordinary sort of cognizance (being-for-itself). Everything else is matter (being-in-itself). He accepts that individual has no undeniable substance and is completely free and totally dependable. As per him, anguish is the consequence of the supreme opportunity and obligation. He likewise says that human presence is ridiculous and unjustified. Along these lines, the objective of individual is to legitimize his/her existence.(2) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sartre accepts that there are those in our history who have built up a religion to console si mply what he calls a &quot;fundamental project.&quot; That implies that when we become anguished by the issues of life we seek after a key undertaking in endeavor to escape this anguish. He says that we attempt to make ourselves Gods with the expectation that others would see us awesome, and hold us in higher respect. To seek after a fundame... ...ice and this decision was his and his alone. This shows us again that we generally have options, regardless of what we may blame. 1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Barnes, Wesley. &quot;Is Existentialism Definable?&quot; The Philosophy and Literature of Existentialism. Woodbury: Barron's Educational Series, Inc., 1968 2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Douglas W. Shrader, Ashok K. Malhotra. &quot;Pathways To Philosophy&quot;. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 1996. p. 83-86, 87-93, 97-100 3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sartre'sThoughtsOnPersonality,http://library.thinkquest.org/18775/sartre/pers.htm 4)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;As above 5)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Roberts, David E. &quot;Introduction&quot; Existentialism and Religious belief&quot; New York: Oxford University Press, 1959. 6)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Robert C. Solomon. &quot;The Big Qestions&quot; Harcourt Brace College Publishers, New York, 1998, p.241-273. 7)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Soren Kierkergaard,ysiwyg://16/http://www.fortunecity.com/263/exist/kierk.html 8)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Existentialism And Soren Kierkergaard, http:www.tameri.com/csw/exist/kierk.html.

Funny Stress-Relieving Quotes to Brighten Your Day

Funny Stress-Relieving Quotes to Brighten Your Day Stress Management Management Techniques Print Funny Quotes About Stress to Give You Some Relief and Make You Smile By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on June 24, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Anthony Lee/Getty Images Sometimes the difference between a stressful day and an easier one is all in your perspective, and funny quotes on stress can add just the perspective you need! Whether a humorously-crafted quote that opens you up to a new way of viewing an old situation is just what you need to see things in a fresh way, or if you just need the laugh that comes with how the idea is delivered, these funny stress quotes can offer your mind a shift or your mood a lift. Funny Quotes About Stress to Help Provide Relief And each quote comes with a little more on the topic from a stress management perspective, plus a link to additional resources on the topic. Enjoy, and feel free to share these with friends who may need a lift as well. Jane Wagner ?Reality is the leading cause of stress for those in touch with it. We cant always change our reality, and ignoring problems isnt usually the best way to deal with them, but we can embrace reality and soften it at the same time with a bit of humor and a few extra stress relievers. ?Unknown Cheer up, the worst is yet to come. Simply put, quit worrying over the little stuff and wait for something really big. Its good to maintain perspective when youre worried about the what ifs of life. Backup plans and being prepared is great, but if youve done everything you can, its best to focus on relaxing your worry muscles a bit. Jack Donaghy (30 Rock) Money cant buy happiness; it IS happiness. Well...not really, but the quote made us laugh and should be included as a funny stress quote for sure. Actually, the things that we think will make us happy are often totally different from the things that actually make us happy. What truly makes you happy? Anonymous ?Ive tried yoga, but I find stress less boring. While yoga does bring some wonderful stress relief benefits, stress management is not a one-size-fits-all activity. If you find yourself getting bored with some of the more quiet forms of stress relief, look for stress relief in the activities you find fun. Bill Watterson (Calvin Hobbes) ?I say, if your knees arent green by the end of the day, you ought to seriously re-examine your life. ?While you dont necessarily need grassy knees to show that youre enjoying life, the visual is a great reminder that we need to be doing things we enjoy (among the things we simply must do as responsible adults), and if we savor each moment, stress will have less of a hold on us. You can keep your knees clean, but what will you do to enjoy yourself today? Sydney Harris ?When I hear somebody sigh, Life is hard, I am always tempted to ask, Compared to what? Life is challenging. But sometimes our expectations lead to stress; when we expect something to be better than it is, we stress more. If we focus on what we can be grateful for in each situation, we can see the positive more easily and feel less stressed. What can we appreciate today? Charles M. Shultz All you need is love. But a little chocolate now and then doesnt hurt. Sometimes our guilty pleasuresâ€"when enjoyed in moderationâ€"can be great stress relievers. For example, chocolate has health benefits besides merely being delicious and softening stress when consumed in moderation. Rita Rudner In Hollywood a marriage is a success if it outlasts milk. We laugh about Hollywood marriages being short-lived, but the truth is that a high proportion of non-Hollywood marriages end in divorce for one reason or another. Because healthy relationships and happy marriages can be good for keeping stress levels low, these tips on maintaining a happy marriage may save you significant stress in the future. What are your best tips?

Lab Report On The And Light Control Group - 959 Words

Ratner Miller (1959) performed an experiment to show that earthworms would react to the illumination change in light being paired with food. In this experiment there are four groups being tested. There was an experimental group (EG), vibration control group (VCG), random-response control group (RRCG), and light control group (LCG). Group EG went through 130 trials with a 50 second interval in between each. Of the 130 trials the first 100 were conditioning and the last 30 were extinction. During the conditioning trials the vibratory stimulus (CS) was presented for 6 seconds. Then the light (US) was presented for 2 seconds after the first 4 seconds. A response occurring during the first 4 sec. of the CS, prior to the presentation of the US, was recorded as a conditioned withdrawal response. The extinction trials consisted of a 6 second vibration and all responses that happened in the first 4 seconds were recorded. Group VCG had 100 trials. This were done and recorded the same as group EG except that the US was not presented at any time. Group RRCG consisted of 100 trials for 4 seconds. These trials determined the number of spontaneous recoveries, where the CS and US were not presented during the trials. Then lastly group LCG was to determine if the US would cause animals to become sensitive to the vibration. This group went through 105 trials, 70 of them were light trials and 35 were vibration trials. The light was present for 2 seconds within blocks of 10 in the 70 lightShow MoreRelatedSouth Street Seaweed Report Essay706 Words   |  3 Pages South Street Seaweed Report Prasenjit Saha Chem lab 106 2/6/13 Spring 2014 Prasenjit Saha, Abdullah Sharif I. Warmup Questions 1. Coffee beans are crushed into small pieces, water is added to it and the mixture is heated over a flame. What do you think would happen to the coffee bean as it interacts with the water? Explain. Essentially the warm water will run through the coffee beans and extract its properties. TheRead MoreArtemia Franciscana and Preference Regarding the Effects of Light, Temperature, and pH.1236 Words   |  5 Pagesand temperature (Biology 108 laboratory manual, 2010), but do A. franciscana prefer these conditions or do they simply cope with their surroundings? This experiment explored the extent of the A. franciscanas preference towards three major stimuli: light, temperature, and acidity. A. franciscana are able to endure extreme temperature ranges from 6 ÌŠ C to 40 ÌŠ C, however since their optimal temperature for breeding is about room temperature it can be inferred that the A. franciscana will prefer thisRead MoreDaphnia Heart Rate and Kcl1022 Words   |  5 PagesSarmiento Daphnia Ecotoxicology Lab Report Introduction Ecosystems have a way of maintaining themselves under ordinary conditions but when a new factor is added that will most likely threaten the environment action needs to be put forth. Our environment is affected by many pollutants on a daily bases forming a threat to natural stability. For example some of the most polluted parts of the environment are bodies of water like that explained in our lab. Once pollution occurs animalsRead MoreTransformation And Electrophoresis Lab Report1750 Words   |  7 PagesSingee Nguyen Transformation and Electrophoresis Lab Report Purposes Discuss the principles of bacterial transformation. Describe how to prepare competent E. coli cells. Discuss the mechanisms of gene transfer using plasmid vectors. Discuss the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes and tell how to select positively for transformed cells that are antibiotic resistant. Discuss the mechanisms of action for restriction endonucleases. Discuss how a plasmid can be engineered to include a piece of foreignRead MorepGLO Lab Report Essay821 Words   |  4 PagesBacterial Transformation Lab Report Backround: The plasmid pGLO contains an antibiotic-resistance gene, ampR, and the GFP gene is regulated by the control region of the ara operon. Ampicillin is an antibiotic that kills E. coli, so if E. coli, so if E. coli cells contain the ampicillin-resistance gene, the cells can survive exposure to ampicillin since the ampicillin-resistance gene encodes an enzyme that inactivates the antibiotic. Thus, transformed E. coli cells containing ampicillin-resistanceRead MoreEssay about photosynthesis lab report653 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Photosynthesis Lab Report Purpose: To research the effect of different wavelengths (colors) of light on plant growth during photosynthesis. Background Information: Photosynthesis is the process by which sunlight is captured by chloroplasts within plant cells and turned into energy. This energy is used to help the plant grow roots, leaves, flowers and fruit. Energy is required by living thingsRead MoreWhat Factors Affect the Rate of Photosynthesis in Living Leaves?1746 Words   |  7 PagesWhat Factors Affect the Rate of Photosynthesis in living leaves? Abstract: In this lab, four different types of leaves were tested to see the rate at which each leaf photosynthesized. This lab demonstrates how plants store light, capture light, and use light as energy for reproduction and growth, by photosynthesis. The control in this experiment was spinach, which was tested before any of the other plants were. The other plants that were tested were English Ivy, C4 Plant, and a multicoloredRead MoreConformity Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagesin with a particular group.  This change is in response to real (involving the physical presence of others) or imagined (involving the pressure of social norms / expectations) group pressure. SHERIF Muzafer Sherif (1935) conducted a lab experiment study on conformity in 1935. Sherif conducted this study by putting participants in a dark room and told them to watch a pinpoint of light and report how far it moved. However psychologists had discovered that a small, still light in a dark room oftenRead MoreEssay on Isp 217l8568 Words   |  35 PagesManual* Table of Contents Exercise Lab 1. How much does temperature vary in large and small aquatic environments? Lab 2. What determines the water clarity of lakes, rivers and oceans? Lab 3. Where does the phosphorus go? Lab 4. How does human activity in watersheds affect the quality of lakes and rivers? Lab 5. Are the Great Lakes being influenced by the global greenhouse effect? Lab 6. How is the flow of the Red Cedar River influenced by the weather? Lab 7. What is the relationship between flowRead MorePhotosynthesis Formal Lab Report Essay examples2817 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this lab is to determine which pigments in a plant support or effect photosynthesis, based on starch production, which wavelengths of light are involved in photosynthesis, and identify plant pigments found in a plant leaf by means of paper chromatography. Life on Earth is dependent entirely on the energy from the Sun, not only to keep the planet at a suitable temperature but also to provide the energy required to sustain life. The energy of the Sun, in the form of

Trump Supreme Court Nominee Kavanaugh - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 805 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Law Essay Level High school Topics: Supreme Court Essay Did you like this example? The headline for the article I have chosen is Daughter of CIA Assassin Paymaster Tries to Bring Down Trump Supreme Court Nominee. The main claim of the article is that Dr. Christine Blasey Fords accusation of her attempted rape by Supreme Court nominee Kavanaugh is actually false and that this is all a plot by the CIA to bring down President Donald Trump. It goes on to try to prove itself by claiming that Dr. Ford is actually the daughter and sister of CIA operatives and that she is actually teaching CIA tested brainwashing techniques at Stanford University. The headline of the article accurately represents the article, as it tells the audience what the article will be about. Also, there is no specific original source cited in the article or website for this claim. However, similar claims has popped up on the internet ever since Dr. Fords name became public, most likely, due to discontent by Trump and Kavanaugh supporters. The website that this news article was on is not from one of the fake news sites listed on The Daily Dot or Snopes, but confirmation involving the claim itself can be found on Snopes. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Trump Supreme Court Nominee Kavanaugh" essay for you Create order I was attracted to this article because of the claim in the headline. Being a woman, these kinds of claims of false sexual assault reports are concerning to me, because we are the ones most known to be prey to sexual assault and harassment. These kinds of claims would make future claims doubtful and therefore, detrimental to creating a safe society for women to thrive. It also casts a negative light on women in general, which would just fuel the gender inequality in this country. What amused me was that the notes at the end claim that the website is exposing the truth to Americans so that we wont be blinded, yet, the organization itself sounds like a cult of some sort. In addition, its claims that governments discredit them to further their own agenda backs that notion even more. Though, I do not doubt there are governments like that, if their information really was true, the media would have mentioned it before, yet it is denounced as a site that fabricates evidence to prove their c laims. Other Sources According to Snopes, this story about Dr. Ford being a part of a CIA plot is false. Dr. Ford is accused of teaching mind control to help the CIA and is linked by the CIA Internship program at Stanford. However, she not involved in the Internship program in any way. In addition, others try to connect her brother with the CIA and Fusion GPS. Yet, Dr. Fords brother only worked in a company that resided in the same building as three other CIA-operated companies and left years before the company worked with Fusion GPS. In conjunction, Politifact also debunks the claim that Dr. Fords brother works for or with the CIA. The third link theorists claim, was that Nick Deak was her grandfather. Not only is she a different person from her grandfather, and therefore wouldnt be the same person nor have the same interests, Nick Deaks only recorded child was a son named Robert Leslie. While her father is named Ralph Blasey Jr., and there is no one by that name on her mothers side of the family. Overa ll, the claim that Dr. Ford is a CIA operative is proven untrue by disproving the three main claims of the article. Conclusion/ Lesson Social media has developed into a wide array of connections with people separated by long distances and is able to carry news in seconds. And in this way, fake news is spread by unsuspecting people. Sharing and promoting a certain piece of news takes only a tap; fast, efficient, and easy. And because it has gotten so easy, people dont really stop to think or bother to search if something is true. The catchy title part of fake news is also contributed by the popularity chasers. Being popular has been a phenomenon for centuries, but it has not been as pervasive as now, with social media. Teens want to be popular even with other peers at the other side of the world, they might not have met before, and sharing catchy stories, true or not, is the easiest way. I personally, have never posted fake news, mostly because Im not usually on social media sites, even if I have accounts on them. However, my takeaway from this assignment is to always check the facts before you post something online and doubt everything you see. After all, even credible news sites make mistakes, the reporters are only human in the end. My second takeaway is that fake news is easy to create and most people do so for immediate personal profits with little care for truth or crazy occultists.

foolear A Fool for a King in William Shakespeares King...

A Fool for a King in King Lear In Shakespeares play King Lear, the main character, King Lear, is presented as a respected and powerful king. As the story progresses the king loses his power because of his own stupidity and blindness. The tragedy of this play is shown chiefly through the actions of Lear’s daughters, which lead to Lear’s bout with insanity, and through the words of the Fool. At the beginning of the play, King Lear appears as a powerful and well-loved ruler. He explains his intention to abdicate and divide his kingdom among his three daughters, giving the largest segment to the daughter who convinces him that she loves him most (Boyce 343). Goneril is the first to lie, Sir, I love you more†¦show more content†¦The king is very upset by Cordelia whom he loved best of all his daughters. Tragically, Cordelia, who truly loves her father, is disinherited, and the kingdom is divided between her two greedy sisters. Giving the land to Goneril and Regan is the first of Lears mistakes, for the selfish daughters do not love him as much as Cordelia does, but merely wish to have his riches. Goneril and Regan decide to control their elderly father so he won’t eventually caste them off as he did Cordelia. They begin to speak disrespectfully of him, referring to him publicly as the â€Å"Idle old man† (I.iii.17). They take steps to ensure that Lear lose any power that he still retains, the first step being to diminish the ranks of his followers: â€Å"What, fifty of my followers at a clap† (I.iv.300)? Lear had proposed to his daughters that he and one hundred knights would live for one month at a time with each daughter. When Goneril breaks the bargain, Lear laments, â€Å"How sharper than a serpent’s tooth it is / To have a thankless child† (I.iv.280-281). He then turns to Regan who is also adamant that he releases his knights. In despair, Lear cries, â€Å"Yo u see me here, you gods, a poor old man, / As full of grief as age; wretched in both† (II.iv.306-307). The great tragedy here is that, despite Lear’s generosity and his love for his daughters, both daughters betray him and neither is willing to shelter him. TheyShow MoreRelated foolear Role of the Fool in William Shakespeares King Lear803 Words   |  4 PagesThe Role of the Fool in William Shakespeares King Lear In the play King Lear, by William Shakespeare, there are many intriguing characters. Perhaps the most intriguing of them all is the fool. The fool seems to exist outside the play appearing and disappearing without warning. The fool is, however, a necessary character to the evolution of Lears character, since he is the personification of truth and reason. The fool serves to show Lear how he is going insane, as well as to attempt to delay

Poem Classification free essay sample

In the Garden and The Snake According to Webster’s Dictionary classify means to put into groups systematically because of common characteristics or properties. In my preparation for this paper I looked for poems that had similarities. The two poems I chose to classify are In the Garden and The Snake, both written by Emily Dickinson. In the Garden describes observing a bird, offering a bird food, the bird flying away, and the art of a bird flying. The Snake describes a snake moving through the grass, a snake as being hidden or unseen, and the fear of seeing a snake. Emily Dickinson is known for writing lyric poetry. Lyric poetry is described in our literature text as â€Å"a short poem expressing the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker. A lyric is often written in the first person† (Kennedy, 2007, p. 427), as in the poems I chose. These poems can both be classified as lyric poetry because the writer is sharing her thoughts and feelings of watching a bird and a snake. We will write a custom essay sample on Poem Classification or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the Garden has many words that refer to nature: garden, bird, angle-worm, grass, beetle, ocean, butterflies. The only words referring to nature in The Snake are grass and acre. Even though The Snake does not have as many references to nature as In the Garden the title creates a picture of nature in the mind of the reader. Another similarity that I found in these poems is the way Emily Dickinson used her words to apply human traits or actions to nature. Examples from In the Garden: 1. A bird came down the walk: This verse makes the bird appear civilized or socialized 2. And ate the fellow (worm), raw. This verse refers to a worm as a fellow and suggests that a bird would normally cook the worm prior to eating it as a human would. 3. And then he drank a dew From a convenient grass, This verse resembles the human action of drinking from a straw. 4. And then hopped sidewise to the wall To let a beetle pass. These verses depict the human behavior of politeness. Examples from The Snake: 1. A narrow fellow in the grass But never met this fellow, These verses refer to a snake as a fellow, a term used to describe a person. . Occasionally rides; This verse makes the snake appear civilized, like riding a bike or in a car. 3. A floor too cool for corn. This verse suggests a snake lives in a house instead of in the outdoors. 4. The grass divides as with a comb This verse suggests that the grass parts as hair does. Emily Dickinson’s In the Garden and The Snake have several similarities as described above. I would classify these poems by author, lyric poetry, nature, and how the words us ed apply human traits and actions to nature.

Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho Essay Example

Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho Essay Example Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho Paper Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho Paper Essay Topic: Film Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho is one of the most notorious films and still is after all these years. The story is about a woman called Marion Crane who picks the wrong place to spend a night. The Bates Motel which is run by a young man called Norman Bates and his old mother. Hitchcocks murder set-pieces are so effective, that they can frighten a viewer whos seen them before. The film was first screened in New York on 16th June and was a success from the start. The film only cost $800,000 to make yet has earned more than $40,000,000. By the end of its first year, Psycho had earned $15 million-over fifteen times as much as it cost to make. Hitchcock also had ideas to save money as he used the crew from his TV series to film Psycho. Hitchcock got his inspiration of the film from the real story about Eddie Gein who was a serial killer and killed people at his farmhouse. He did things such as, used a human skull as a bowl, made lampshades and wastebasket out of skin and an armchair also made out of skin. The Law refused to pass the film because they claimed that the film contained nude in the shower scene. Hitchcock didnt edit that part out but he simply just sent it back assuming that they either wouldnt bother to watch it, or miss it the second time. Hitchcock insisted that audiences should only be allowed to see the film from the start so they can understand the film and they get to see the shock and suspense in the film. This was something viewers did in them days as people were used to just coming in and out at any point during a movie. In the shower scene the first three shots of Marion are Medium shot, Close Up and Extreme Close Up. This is because it shows the character in their immediate environment, concentration on the viewers attention and it makes the characters feeling intimate to the viewer. What we see in that frame is Marions initial scream. The effect of this is that it draws the audience in, to fell her shock and terror. The last three shots of Marion is when we see her hands, legs and herself struggling to stay alive after she had been stabbed several times. The effect this has is it builds up the tension in the film. Also in the Shower Scene there were censorship reasons which made the quick-fire editing of the shower scene necessary, but Hitchcocks principal concern was to disturb the audience and to suggest terrible violence and bloodshed without actually showing very much. In that scene there were 78 separate camera set-ups needed for the shower scene and it took seven days to film. The music in the film has a high pitched sound because every time something happens or is about to the sound gets louder they use this effect as it creates tension and suspense.

Free Essays on Memory

Memory is the mental faculty of retaining and recalling past experiences. A repressed memory is one that is retained in the sub conscious mind, where one is not aware of it but where it can still affect both conscious thoughts and behavior. When memory is distorted or confabulated, the result can be what has been called the False Memory Syndrome: a condition in which a person's identity and interpersonal relationships are entered around a memory of traumatic experience which is objectively false but in which the person strongly believes. Note that the syndrome is not characterized by false memories as such. We all have memories that are inaccurate. Rather, the syndrome may be diagnosed when the memory is so deeply ingrained that it orients the individual's entire personality and lifestyle, in turn disrupting all sorts of other adaptive behaviors. The analogy to personality disorder is intentional. False memory syndrome is especially destructive because the person assiduously avoids confrontation with any evidence that might challenge the memory. Thus it takes on a life of its own, encapsulated and resistant to correction. The person may become so focused on the memory that he or she may be effectively distracted from coping with real problems in his or her life. John F. Kihlstrom, Ph.D. There are many models which try to explain how memory works. Nevertheless, we do not know exactly how memory works. One of the most questionable models of memory is the one which assumes that every experience a person has had is 'recorded' in memory and that some of these memories are of traumatic events too terrible to want to remember. These terrible memories are locked away in the sub conscious mind, i.e. repressed, only to be remembered in adulthood when some triggering event opens the door to the unconscious. And, both before and after the repressed memory is remembered, it causes p... Free Essays on Memory Free Essays on Memory Memory One of the most important things that involves the brain. Without memory you would not know how to move, eat, or do any of life’s essentials. If I did not have memory then I would have not remembered to do this paper or how to type it. Think about it, memory is essential to your life. Memory is the ability to remember something that has been learned or experienced (Psychology Book). Memory also refers to the brain's ability to store information. Memory is a vital part of the learning process, without it, learning would be impossible. If your brain did not record anything from the past then you would be unable to learn anything new. All your experiences would be lost as soon as they ended, and each new situation would be unfamiliar. Without memory, you would repeatedly have the same experiences for the "first time."(Grolier Encyclopedia). Psychologists divide a person's memory system into three types, each of which has a different time span. These types are called sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Sensory memory holds information for only a second or two. Suppose you look at a picture of a mountain. A nearly exact image of the mountain is stored briefly in your visual sensory memory, which involves your eyes and parts of your brain. However, the image quickly fades and disappears unless you make an active effort to think about it. Short-term memory contains what you actively think about at any particular time. It can hold a fact for as long as you think about it. You use short-term memory when you look up a telephone number and repeat it to yourself until you dial it. Unless you continually repeat this information to yourself, it will fade after about 20 to 30 seconds. Long-term memory can store facts, ideas, and experiences after you stop thinking about them. All conscious processing of informationsuch as when you think or when you solve problemsinvolves short-term memory working together w... Free Essays on Memory Memory has been an ongoing topic for study throughout the years. How and why we remember certain pieces of information has led to decades of research and investigation. Studies conducted in recent years have explored the interests of college students. The article, What Aspects of Their Memories Do College Students Most Want to Improve?, discusses the results of these studies in order to answer that question. The author of the article, Kenneth L. Higbee, initially conducted a study to learn what aspects of memory are important to people. A general audience of people attending a memory-improvement seminar responded to an open-ended question. That question was, â€Å"What aspects of memory do you most want to improve?† Another group was then given a survey based on the responses of the first group. It was found that the most important aspect of memory was remembering people’s names. The purpose of Higbee’s research was to compare the results of that first study (conducted among a general audience) to two other linked studies, which dealt with responses of college students. In a pilot study, 41 college students from a memory skills class were asked the question, â€Å"What are the main benefits you hope to get from taking a memory-improvement class?† The students’ responses were tallied and placed into four main categories. The categories were as follows: 1. Schoolwork : 51% 2. People’s names and faces: 24% 3. Everyday tasks: 15% 4. What I read: 10% It was found that no substantial differences existed between males and females, low-GPA and high-GPA students or among years in school. An additional study was then conducted to more deeply explore what aspects of memory college students most want to improve. Like the other study, the participants were college students enrolled in a memory skills class. Mr. Higbee was the teacher of this class. 36 students participated, including 23 males and 13 ... Free Essays on Memory Memory is the mental faculty of retaining and recalling past experiences. A repressed memory is one that is retained in the sub conscious mind, where one is not aware of it but where it can still affect both conscious thoughts and behavior. When memory is distorted or confabulated, the result can be what has been called the False Memory Syndrome: a condition in which a person's identity and interpersonal relationships are entered around a memory of traumatic experience which is objectively false but in which the person strongly believes. Note that the syndrome is not characterized by false memories as such. We all have memories that are inaccurate. Rather, the syndrome may be diagnosed when the memory is so deeply ingrained that it orients the individual's entire personality and lifestyle, in turn disrupting all sorts of other adaptive behaviors. The analogy to personality disorder is intentional. False memory syndrome is especially destructive because the person assiduously avoids confrontation with any evidence that might challenge the memory. Thus it takes on a life of its own, encapsulated and resistant to correction. The person may become so focused on the memory that he or she may be effectively distracted from coping with real problems in his or her life. John F. Kihlstrom, Ph.D. There are many models which try to explain how memory works. Nevertheless, we do not know exactly how memory works. One of the most questionable models of memory is the one which assumes that every experience a person has had is 'recorded' in memory and that some of these memories are of traumatic events too terrible to want to remember. These terrible memories are locked away in the sub conscious mind, i.e. repressed, only to be remembered in adulthood when some triggering event opens the door to the unconscious. And, both before and after the repressed memory is remembered, it causes p...

Current macroeconomic situation in the U.S Essay - 1

Current macroeconomic situation in the U.S - Essay Example dy track, it won’t be until a couple of years later that the economy will be moving towards growth such that it would create jobs and resolve the ever increasing unemployment (Perlo, 2012). The recovery is expected but after two years, and this recovery will continue for a long period of time and even reinforce it eventually (Perlo, 2012). A critical view point to this whole situation is that the profits have been restored at the expense of social benefits and salaries, but it will eventually have an impact on investments resulting in an increase. When looking at the real estate, there has been no new housing construction. But when the up surging demand from family household is considered there is a good chance that there will be a boom in the real estate market in the near future. One should always be kept in mind when analyzing the current situation of the US that this is the recovery session after the financial crisis, so circumstances are definitely abnormal. As mentioned earlier, job creation is of paramount importance. According to an estimate, over 300,000 new jobs need to be created every month if a significant change is to be observed in the near future. The FOMC or the Federal Open Market Committee met in August 2012. The statement given in the form of press release suggests that â€Å"economic activity has continued to expand at a moderate pace in recent months† (federalresesrve.gov), quite an objective statement but it definitely tells why the word ‘moderately’ has been used here. The economic activity is not that helpful, the other factors have played a part in better results of the recent quarter. However, the economic activity is also not going wayward. Certain easy money policy tools have backfired for economy. For instance the total income factor (wage rates) has been declining because of the tools that have been used to handle the finances (Mauldin, 2012). After the financial crunch of 2008, the falling prices of homes have troubled the

The subject of war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The subject of war - Essay Example By working around the central theme, the narratives powerfully show the nature of humans, their response to challenges of the environment and the endeavors they are willing to undertake as means towards an end. With that said, it is interesting to note what caused the war in Homer's epic and how it compares with Sheri Tepper's feminist science fiction. The Iliad, narrating the events of a short period in a very long battle, continues from the Trojan war which was caused by Paris' capture of the Spartan queen Helen. In the text itself, it is said that two lovely women, Chryseis and Briseis, are the root of all rampage. When their town is defeated by the Achaean forces, the camp's ruler Agamemnon demands to have Chryseis as prize while Achilles gets Briseis. Succeeding circumstances force Agamemnon to give up his reward Chryseis but then asks Achilles to hand Briseis over to him as replacement. Insulted by Agamemnon's order, Achilles refuses to join the Acheans in their fight against the Trojans and even prays to Zeus through his mother Thetis to punish the Acheans. Zeus addresses this by coming to the Trojans' rescue, signaling that the battle between the Trojan and Achean forces have resum ed despite their peace treaty. While it is shown that it is the women who caused the war in The Iliad, it is the men who caused the war in The Gate to Women's Country. The author, Tepper, elaborates on men's desire for power, the things they do in order to obtain it and the things they sacrifice in exchange for the accomplishment of their pursuits. Sheri Tepper book considers these as manifestations of men's innate character. Homer's epic makes use of women as instruments of war. On a deeper analysis, though, it is the competitive nature of men that has driven them to war. Every strong male character is tested for bravery, valor and loyalty. On the other end, women are depicted as slaves. The poem emphasizes the existence of a struggle in the world and the ability to win over this battle dignifies and glorifies humanity. This is an idea contemplated by a male. Ages later, Tepper would intervene with a story written from a perspective of a modern-world woman, dissatisfied with patriarchal rule, motivated towards change, with a proposal of her own. Figuratively, Tepper's women respond to Homer's men. In Tepper's country, Tepper's women downplay conflicts and emphasize cooperation among members of the society. The ultimate goal is peace, as if the main motivation for this writing is the lack of it in an earlier society. To Tepper's women, war in unnecessary and all their efforts will be poured towards preve nting it. As we look into the causes or war in each story, an underlying factor that heightens the conflict is discovered. More than gender issues, a more realistic cause of strife is social disorder. The story of The Iliad progresses in a patriarchal setting while the plot of The Gate to Women's Country proposes a revolution by a matriarchal structure. Both are stories dealing with gender issues which are about power and dominance. Agamemnon exhibits dominance over Achilles by demanding for Briseis and Achilles' reaction exposes the need to soothe the male ego. Were it not for Agamemnon's aggression and Achilles' yearning for revenge, the Acheans and the Trojans would not resume their battle since a peace treaty

Role of the Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI)

Role of the Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI) The Banking Industry was once a simple and reliable business that took deposits from investors at a lower interest rate and loaned it out to borrowers at a higher rate. However deregulation and technology led to a revolution in the Banking Industry that saw it transformed. Banks have become global industrial powerhouses that have created ever more complex products that use risk and securitisation in models that only PhD students can understand. Through technology development, banking services have become available 24 hours a day, 365 days a week, through ATMs, at online bankings, and in electronically enabled exchanges where everything from stocks to currency futures contracts can be traded. Indian banking industry The growth in the Indian Banking Industry has been more qualitative than quantitative and it is expected to remain the same in the coming years. Based on the projections made in the India Vision 2020 prepared by the Planning Commission and the Draft 10th Plan, the report forecasts that the pace of expansion in the balance-sheets of banks is likely to decelerate. The total assets of all scheduled commercial banks by end-March 2010 is estimated at Rs 40,90,000 crores. That will comprise about 65 per cent of GDP at current market prices as compared to 67 per cent in 2002-03. Bank assets are expected to grow at an annual composite rate of 13.4 per cent during the rest of the decade as against the growth rate of 16.7 per cent that existed between 1994-95 and 2002-03. It is expected that there will be large additions to the capital base and reserves on the liability side. The Indian Banking Industry can be categorized into non-scheduled banks and scheduled banks. Scheduled banks constitute of commercial banks and co-operative banks. There are about 67,000 branches of Scheduled banks spread across India. As far as the present scenario is concerned the Banking Industry in India is going through a transitional phase. The Public Sector Banks(PSBs), which are the base of the Banking sector in India account for more than 78 per cent of the total banking industry assets. Unfortunately they are burdened with excessive Non Performing assets (NPAs), massive manpower and lack of modern technology. On the other hand the Private Sector Banks are making tremendous progress. They are leaders in Internet banking, mobile banking, phone banking, ATMs. As far as foreign banks are concerned they are likely to succeed in the Indian Banking Industry. In the Indian Banking Industry some of the Private Sector Banks operating are IDBI Bank, ING Vyasa Bank, SBI Commercial and International Bank Ltd, Bank of Rajasthan Ltd. and banks from the Public Sector include Punjab National bank, Vijaya Bank, UCO Bank, Oriental Bank, Allahabad Bank among others. ANZ Grindlays Bank, ABN-AMRO Bank, American Express Bank Ltd, Citibank are some of the foreign banks operating in the Indian Banking Industry. Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI) The Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI) was established on July 1, 1964 under an Act of Parliament as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Reserve Bank of India. In 16 February 1976, the ownership of IDBI was transferred to the Government of India and it was made the principal financial institution for coordinating the activities of institutions engaged in financing, promoting and developing industry in the country. Although Government shareholding in the Bank came down below 100% following IDBIs public issue in July 1995, the former continues to be the major shareholder (current shareholding: 52.3%). During the four decades of its existence, IDBI has been instrumental not only in establishing a well-developed, diversified and efficient industrial and institutional structure but also adding a qualitative dimension to the process of industrial development in the country. IDBI has played a pioneering role in fulfilling its mission of promoting industrial growth through financing of medium and long-term projects, in consonance with national plans and priorities. Over the years, IDBI has enlarged its basket of products and services, covering almost the entire spectrum of industrial activities, including manufacturing and services. IDBI provides financial assistance, both in rupee and foreign currencies, for green-field projects as also for expansion, modernisation and diversification purposes. In the wake of financial sector reforms unveiled by the government since 1992, IDBI evolved an array of fund and fee-based services with a view to providing an integrated solution to meet the entire demand of financial and corporate advisory requirements of its clients. IDBI also provides indirect financial assistance by way of refinancing of loans extended by State-level financial institutions and banks and by way of rediscounting of bills of exchange arising out of sale of indigenous machinery on deferred payment terms. IDBI has played a pioneering role, particularly in the pre-reform era (1964-91),in catalyzing broad based industrial development in the country in keeping with its Government-ordained development banking charter. In pursuance of this mandate, IDBIs activities transcended the confines of pure long-term lending to industry and encompassed, among others, balanced industrial growth through development of backward areas, modernisation of specific industries, employment generation, entrepreneurship development along with support services for creating a deep and vibrant domestic capital market, including development of apposite institutional framework. Narasimam committee recommends that IDBI should give up its direct financing functions and concentrate only in promotional and refinancing role. But this recommendation was rejected by the government. Latter RBI constituted a committee under the chairmanship of S.H.Khan to examine the concept of development financing in the changed global challenges. This committee is the first to recommend the concept of universal banking. The committee wanted to the development financial institution to diversify its activity. It recommended to harmonise the role of development financing and banking activities by getting away from the conventional distinction between commercial banking and developmental banking. In September 2003, IDBI diversified its business domain further by acquiring the entire shareholding of Tata Finance Limited in Tata Home finance Ltd., signaling IDBIs foray into the retail finance sector. The fully-owned housing finance subsidiary has since been renamed IDBI Home finance Limited. In view of the signal changes in the operating environment, following initiation of reforms since the early nineties, Government of India has decided to transform IDBI into a commercial bank without eschewing its secular development finance obligations. The migration to the new business model of commercial banking, with its gateway to low-cost current, savings bank deposits, would help overcome most of the limitations of the current business model of development finance while simultaneously enabling it to diversify its client/ asset base. Towards this end, the IDB (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act 2003 was passed by Parliament in December 2003. The Act provides for repeal of IDBI Act , corporatisation of IDBI (with majority Government holding; current share: 58.47%) and transformation into a commercial bank. The provisions of the Act have come into force from July 2, 2004 in terms of a Government Notification to this effect. The Notification facilitated formation, incorporation and registration of Industrial Development Bank of India Ltd. as a company under the Companies Act, 1956 and a deemed Banking Company under the Banking Regulation Act 1949 and helped in obtaining requisite regulatory and statutory clearances, including those from RBI. IDBI would commence banking business in accordance with the provisions of the new Act in addition to the business being transacted under IDBI Act, 1964 from October 1, 2004, the Appointed Date notified by the Central Government. IDBI has firmed up the infrastructure, technology platform and reorientation of its human capital to achieve a smooth transition. IDBI Bank, with which the parent IDBI was merged, was a vibrant new generation Bank. The Pvt Bank was the fastest growing banking company in India. The bank was pioneer in adapting to policy of first mover in tier 2 cities. The Bank also had the least NPA and the highest productivity per employee in the banking industry. On July 29, 2004, the Board of Directors of IDBI and IDBI Bank accorded in principle approval to the merger of IDBI Bank with the Industrial Development Bank of India Ltd. to be formed incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 pursuant to the IDB (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 2003 (53 of 2003), subject to the approval of shareholders and other regulatory and statutory approvals. A mutually gainful proposition with positive implications for all stakeholders and clients, the merger process is expected to be completed during the current financial year ending March 31, 2005. IDBI would continue to provide the extant products and services as part of its development finance role even after its conversion into a banking company. In addition, the new entity would also provide an array of wholesale and retail banking products, designed to suit the specific needs cash flow requirements of corporates and individuals. In particular, IDBI would leverage the strong corporate relationships built up over the years to offer customised and total financial solutions for all corporate business needs, single-window appraisal for term loans and working capital finance, strategic advisory and hand-holding support at the implementation phase of projects, among others. IDBIs transformation into a commercial bank would provide a gateway to low-cost deposits like Current and Savings Bank Deposits. This would have a positive impact on the Banks overall cost of funds and facilitate lending at more competitive rates to its clients. The new entity would offer various retail products, leveraging upon its existing relationship with retail investors under its existing Suvidha Flexi-bond schemes. In the emerging scenario, the new IDBI hopes to realize its mission of positioning itself as a one stop super-shop and most preferred brand for providing total financial and banking solutions to corporates and individuals, capitalising on its intimate knowledge of the Indian industry and client requirements and large retail base on the liability side. Recent developments To meet emerging challenges and to keep up with reforms in financial sector, IDBI has taken steps to reshape its role from a development finance institution to a commercial institution. With the Industrial Development Bank (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act, 2003, IDBI attained the status of a limited company viz. Industrial Development Bank of India Limited (IDBIL). Subsequently, the Central Government notified October 1, 2004 as the Appointed Date and RBI issued the requisite notification on September 30, 2004 incorporating IDBI Ltd. as a scheduled bank under the RBI Act, 1934. Consequently, IDBI, the erstwhile Development Financial Institution of the country, formally entered the portals of banking business as IDBIL from October 1, 2004, over and above the business currently being transacted. Acquisition of United Western Bank In 2006, IDBI Bank acquired United Western Bank in a rescue. Annasaheb Chirmule, who worked for the cause of Swadeshi movement, founded Satara Swadeshi Commercial Bank in 1907, and some three decades later founded United Western Bank. The bank was incorporated in 1936, and commenced operations the next year, with its head office in Satara, in Maharashtra State. It became a Scheduled Bank in 1951. In 1956 it merged with Union Bank of Kolhapur, and in 1961 with Satara Swadeshi Commercial Bank. At the time of the merger with IDBI, United Western had some 230 branches spread over 47 districts in 9 states, controlled by five Zonal Offices at Mumbai, Pune, Kolhapur, Jalgaon and Nagpur. Main function of IDBI IDBI is vested with the responsibility of co-ordinating the working of institutions engaged in financing, promoting and developing industries. It has evolved an appropriate mechanism for this purpose. IDBI also undertakes/supports wide-ranging promotional activities including entrepreneurship development programmes for new entrepreneurs, provision of consultancy services for small and medium enterprises, upgradation of technology and programmes for economic upliftment of the underprivileged. IDBI role as catalyst IDBIs role as a catalyst to industrial development encompasses a wide spectrum of activities. IDBI can finance all types of industrial concerns covered under the provisions of the IDBI Act. With over three decades of service to the Indian industry, IDBI has grown substantially in terms of size of operations and portfolio. Development activities of IDBI and promotionl activities In fulfilment of its developmental role, the Bank continues to perform a wide range of promotional activities relating to developmental programmes for new entrepreneurs, consultancy services for small and medium enterprises and programmes designed for accredited voluntary agencies for the economic upliftment of the underprivileged. These include entrepreneurship development, self-employment and wage employment in the industrial sector for the weaker sections of society through voluntary agencies, support to Science and Technology Entrepreneurs Parks, Energy Conservation, Common Quality Testing Centres for small industries. Evolution Changing Role The genesis of Industrial Development Bank of India Limited (IDBI Ltd.) can be traced to the establishment of The Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI), its predecessor entity, in 1964, by an Act of Parliament to provide credit and other facilities for the development of industry. IDBIs charter was later broad-based to also encompass the responsibilities of principal financial institution for co-ordinating the working of National and State-level institutions engaged in financing, promoting and developing industry. Initially set up as a fully-owned subsidiary of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the ownership of IDBI was later transferred to the Government of India in 1976. Although Government shareholding in the Bank came down below 100% following IDBIs public issue in July 1995, the former continues to be the major shareholder(currentshareholding:51.4%). Cumulative assistance sanctioned and disbursed by IDBI since inception up to end-September 2004 aggregated around Rs.2,23,000 crore and Rs 1,78,000 crore respectively. IDBIs asset base stood in the vicinity of Rs. 63,850 crore at end-September2004. As a considered response to changes in its operating environment following initiation of reforms since the early nineties and the resultant concerns of IDBIs sustained viability therein in its current avatar, IDBI, in consultation with the Government of India, decided to transform into a commercial bank without eschewing its secular development finance obligations. The migration to the new business model of commercial banking, with its gateway to low-cost current/savings bank deposits, it was felt, would help overcome most of the limitations of the current business model of development finance while simultaneously enabling it to diversify its client/asset base. Towards this end, the IDBI (Transfer of Undertaking and Repeal) Act 2003 was passed by Parliament on December 16, 2003 and received the Presidents assent on December 30, 2003. The provisions of the Act came into force from July 2, 2004 in terms of a Government Notification to this effect. The Notification enabled IDBI to obtain the requisite statutory and regulatory approvals, including those from RBI, for conversion into a banking company. The new company viz. Industrial Development Bank of India Limited (IDBIL) was incorporated on September 27, 2004 and the Registrar of Companies, Mumbai, issued the certificate for commencement of business to IDBI Ltd. on September 28, 2004. Subsequently, the Central Government notified October 1, 2004 as the Appointed Date and RBI issued the requisite notification on September 30, 2004 incorporating IDBI Ltd. as a scheduled bank under the RBI Act, 1934. Consequently, IDBI, the erstwhile Development Financial Institution of the country, formally en tered the portals of banking business as IDBIL from October 1, 2004, over and above the business currently being transacted. IDBI Ltd. is registered as a company under the Companies Act, 1956 to carry out banking business in accordance with the provisions of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949. The IDBI Repeal Act, 2003 enabled IDBI to become a banking company without the need to obtain a separate banking licence under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949. IDBI Ltd. will enjoy certain regulatory forbearance, including exemption from compliance with SLR requirements (mandated under the Banking Regulation Act) for the first five years. All existing shareholders of the erstwhile IDBI, including the Central Government, have become pro-rata shareholders of IDBI Ltd. from the appointed date. Further, the provisions of the Memorandum and Articles of Association of IDBI Ltd. require that the Central Government, as a shareholder of the Company, shall, at all times, maintain not less than 51% of the issued capital of the company. The authorized capital of IDBI Ltd, has been reduced to Rs.1250 crore from Rs.1500 crore (the authorized capital of erstwhile IDBI) in conformity with the provision of the Banking Regulation Act. The paid-up capital of the Company, at Rs.653 crore, however, remains the same as the paid-up capital of the erstwhile IDBI Role of Financial Institutions in Foreign Investment in India The main role of the financial institutions in India in respect to foreign investments is to aid foreign investors in investment activities in India. The funds from overseas countries come in two forms: Foreign direct Investments and Joint Ventures of the foreign companies with Indian companies. Foreign direct investments inflows are approved through automatic route or through government route. Those units that require government approval to get funds require the FIPB approval. Foreign Direct Investment through automatic route, on the other hand, does not require FIPB approval. All these allocation of financial assistance to various industrial units in India are guided by the financial institutions set up in various parts of India. Some of the leading financial institutions in India that play an important role in foreign investments in India are RBI, IDBI Bank, IFCI Bank, ICICI Limited and EXIM Bank. Role of IDBI in Foreign Investment The role of IDBI in Foreign Investment is mainly to provide financial assistance on a consortium basis to various industrial units in India which are mainly involved in manufacturing or processing of goods, mining, transport generation and distribution of power. Main Functions of IDBI IDBI coordinates between various financial institutions who are highly involved in provide financial assistance, promoting, and developing various industrial units IDBI is also engaged in a variety of promotional activities such as development programs for the fresh entrepreneurs, planning of consultancy services for both the small scale enterprises and the medium sized industrial units IDBI works for the advancement of technology and other welfare schemes to ensure economic development. Industrial Development Bank of India acts as a catalyst in various industrial development programs IDBI provides financial assistance to all kinds of industrial units which comes under the provisions of the IDBI Act IDBI has served various industrial sectors in India for about three years and has grown leaps and bounds in its size and operating units Role of IDBI in Foreign Investment It manages various financial institutions working under IDBI bank Provides financial assistance to various industrial units in terms of developments It also offers refinancing options including term loans to the suitable financial institutions It provides funding to the industrial units that are involved in manufacture or processing of goods, mining, transport generation and distribution of power both in private and public sectors It also provides finance to various projects, expansion of any project, diversifications, or even developing the projects which will exceed Rs. 30 million and it also provides funding to those projects which cost less than Rs. 30 million through indirect means as it offers refinancing to the main financial institutions such as SFC/SIDC/Commercial Banks Articles IDBI Bank July-Sep net up 57 pct, beats fcast State-owned IDBI Ltd on Monday posted a 57 percent rise in July-September net profit, helped by growth in both the net interest income and fee-based income, beating analyst forecasts. Net profit of the bank for the second quarter was at 2.54 billion rupees, up from 1.62 billion rupees a year ago. A Reuters poll of brokerages had estimated profits at 1.95 billion rupees. Profitability grew on the back of good growth in the net interest income and fee-based income front, Yogesh Agarwal, chairman and managing director, told reporters at a press conference. The banks net interest income rose to 4.72 billion rupees, up from 1.29 billion rupees a year ago, while fee-based income rose 99 percent to 3.90 billion rupees. Its net interest margin rose to 1.07 percent, up from 0.41 percent a year ago with cost of deposits coming down as high cost deposits were getting retired, Agarwal said. Core income helped profits grow for the bank, said an analyst in a Mumbai-based brokerage, on condition of anonymity. The bank, with a capital adequacy ratio of 11.9 percent, is waiting for government approval to raise funds for growth. Government owns around 52 percent in the bank and it will have to take a call on modes of capital-raising to be made available to the bank, he said. We hope to tap the (capital) market by January 2010, subject to government deciding on mode of capital raising to be adopted by the bank, he said. Its capital adequacy at tier I level was at 6.83 percent, while that in the tier II segment was at 5.07 percent. The bank will also raise $225 million via syndicated loans to meet its growth targets, R.K. Bansal, chief financial officer, said adding the bank is targeting a loan growth of 20 percent in the current fiscal. We will be signing for this foreign currency loan tomorrow, he said. The loan will be for a one-year tenure with an all-inclusive cost of 6.2 percent. The bank which would open its first foreign branch in Dubai has an enabling resolution to raise up to $1.5 billion via medium term notes in foreign currency, Bansal said adding it can be raised only after the lender has a foreign presence as per Reserve Bank of India guidelines.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The cash strapped Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI), has got a line of credit of $100 million from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The institution has also reached the final stages of an arrangement with KfW of Germany for co-financing of infrastructure projects along with the line of credit (LoC)from ADB. This comes as a great help to the FI at a time when it is starved of funds. The funds will be lent against private infrastructure projects in four states namely Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. In fact, IDBI is not the only institution to have got it. IIL FS too has got a $100 million LoC from ADB.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The duration of loan from ADB will be 20 years on a floating rate basis. It will be lent at LIBOR plus 60 basis point. The boards of ADB and both the FIs have cleared the loan proposal and the signing of the documents will take place in the next 10 to 15 days. The KfW deal is being negotiated and is likely to be taken up at the latest Indo-German meeting. KfW is a development bank for developing countries that operate on behalf of the German Government. The rates in the case of KfW are likely to be very close to the rates offered by ADB. But in the case of KfW, the tenure of the payments is going to be longer in the range of 25 years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In fact, the borrowings of IDBI have been growing sharply. From Rs. 37,861 crore in 1997, it has gone up to Rs. 56,057 crore as on June 30, 2001. Of this, the borrowings outside India had grown from Rs. 5660 crore in 1997 to Rs. 7,913 crore as on June 30, 2001. In fact, IDBI along with NABARD have been requesting the RBI and the Government to extend the tenure of long-term operations funds availed by the institution from the RBI till 1990. These were taken off following the start of economic reforms in 1991.

Alcohol And The Fetus Essay -- essays research papers

Know When to Say When   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drinking during pregnancy is often thought of as no big deal. However, drinking during pregnancy is a very big deal. An unborn baby’s life is in the hands of the mother. If she decides to drink, she is risking the unborn’s chances of being as smart and healthy as it can be. Drinking during pregnancy opens the doors to a variety of harmful effects on the mother and her unborn baby, and until this is brought out in the open with honesty, it cannot be prevented. There are many stereotypes about the women that drink while they are pregnant. One stereotype believed by professional doctors is that women that are college-educated and wealthy are going to drink less or not at all during pregnancy, and the poorer and uneducated women are going to drink more during pregnancy. However, just as stereotypes usually turn out, the complete opposite is true. Women who receive college degrees are four times more likely to drink during pregnancy than women who only receive a high school diploma. Some statistics show that mothers who go to community and rural health centers to receive care are counseled more than mothers who go to private doctors’ offices. People should not make assumptions about something so important especially if it concerns a person’s health (Walsh 2-3).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Those assumptions may go beyond stereotyping of individuals and carry over to what is a safe level of alcohol. Some people believe that drinking a little amount of alcohol will not harm the fetus. However, in reality, â€Å"there is no known safe level of alcohol consumption for pregnant women† (Walsh 2). A woman runs the risk of having a child with defects if she drinks regularly (Orenberg 167). â€Å"Binge drinking, or heavy alcohol consumption at one sitting, is particularly hazardous to the fetus because very high levels of alcohol enter the mother’s blood stream† (â€Å"Fetal Alcohol†). High levels of alcohol consumption can leave the fetus exposed longer making birth defects more severe (â€Å"Fetal Alcohol†). The fetus is exposed longer because its organs are still developing, therefore, taking the fetus twice as long to break down the alcohol (Walsh 2). As a result of this, the fetus’ blood-alcohol level is much hi gher than the mother’s, thus meaning that at the moment the mother starts to feel the effects of the alcohol, the unborn bab... ...aired (Bunch 3:87). As for the rest of the defects that come with fetal alcohol syndrome, there is not much hope for improvement.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Despite the knowledge about potential effects on the fetus, births of babies born with fetal alcohol syndrome occur often. â€Å"In industrialized Western countries about one in every hundred babies is affected† (Bunch 3:87). In fact, â€Å"eight out of every hundred pregnant women go into labor sometime after the 15th week of pregnancy, but before the pregnancy has reached its full term roughly 40 weeks. If birth occurs before the 36th week, or 9th month, the baby might be too small to survive on its own outside the womb† (Orenberg 159). Even if there is one occurrence of a baby born with fetal alcohol syndrome that is one occurrence too many.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drinking during pregnancy opens the doors to a variety of harmful effects on the mother and her unborn baby, and until this is brought out in the open with honesty, it cannot be prevented. It is sad to hear about women that do not quit drinking when they find out that they are pregnant. It is a moral obligation not to jeopardize the well being of the unborn child.

How does Gaiman create a frightening atmosphere in the novel? Essay

Gaiman creates a frightening atmosphere in the novel by using different techniques. In chapter one Coraline’s new home is described in a horror way and is introduced in this quotation: â€Å"It was a very old house†¦Ã¢â‚¬  using the phrase â€Å"old house† often refers to horror films because the adjective â€Å"old† describes the house to have: ghost, cobwebs, peeled painting, sickly green weeds and to be neglected. Gaiman approaches the cat as strange and curious because it says: â€Å"†¦haughty black cat, which would sit on walls and tree stumps and watch her.† The cat is black which symbolises as a witch’s cat because it’s black, which makes the cat seem creepy. Also the cat is vain and proud because it says â€Å"haughty†. Describing the cat in this way makes you feel intimated. The quotation â€Å"who would sit on walls and tree stumps and watch her† feels like something is going to happen to her and the cat do esn’t want to miss any action because it says â€Å"†¦watch her.† Gaiman uses the technique personification in this quotation: â€Å"The cat shrugged†¦Ã¢â‚¬  to cause the scene to be creepy because cats don’t have shoulders and the cat is acting like a human, so this makes it: scary, strange and different. Also in chapter four he mentions Miss Spink and Miss Forcible being very horrifying in the quote â€Å"†¦thin, and pale, and quite pretty and had black-button eyes.† This quotation has a lot of adjectives including thin and pale which give a very ghostly image for them because pale is very white and so you look like a ghost and you have no soul. Gaiman has put Miss Spink and Miss Forcible with â€Å"black-button eyes† because it traps your eyes from showing any emotions and without that you do not have: a soul, character or personality. Gaiman then describes Coraline’s emotions in a different way that makes the atmosphere more frightening. The quotation says â€Å"She became certain that there was somethin g in the dark behind her: something very old and very slow. Her heart beat so hard and so loudly she was scared it would burst out of her chest.† Neil Gaiman is describing emotions without naming them: here, he shows us how scared Coraline is by describing the thumping of her heart because he writes â€Å"her heart beat so hard and so loudly† this means she was very terrified which then makes us feel that way. In chapter five Neil Gaiman describes the silence of Coraline’s flat which makes the reader feel very frightened. The quotation is â€Å"There was no other sound in the empty flat.† This quotation is frightening because it says there is â€Å"no other sound† and it is â€Å"empty†, which is the scariest thing because silence has an energy to it like no other source; therefore silence in a home can be quite disturbing and comfortable when alone. Gaiman then uses a technique, personification to make the scene: bizarre, abnormal and aberrant in the quotation â€Å"†¦the door was looking back at her.† This is a personification because doors can not look back! So this is strange and creepy and is used to emphasize unusual and vivid images or give inanimate objects feelings in order to show emotion. Gaiman uses another technique called alliteration to draw attention to the particular adjective and increase the itchiness it gives to you. The alliteration is in the quotation â€Å"A spider scuttled over the back of her hand†¦Ã¢â‚¬  When the adjective â€Å"scuttled† is used next to the noun â€Å"spider† it automatically gives you the quivers and shakes. Also in chapter 7 Gaiman uses old fashion English language to make the atmosphere seem like time has gone by so fast which make the ghost old. The quotation that the ghosts speak in old fashioned language is: â€Å"Art thou – art thou alive?† â€Å"Thou† is not used in today’s century which makes it an old fashioned word. Using this type of language makes the ghost old and that they have been trapped in the mirror by the mother whom they call â€Å"beldam† to describe her which means witch. A few sentences after that quotation he uses a technique called five senses; this is a techniques which describes something uses touch, smell, hearing, taste and sight. He uses one of senses called touch to give you a better image of the scene in the quotation: â€Å"She felt a cold hand touch her face†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Gaiman uses the sense touch to describe her face.

Chemistry of BHA and BHT Food Preservatives

Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and the related compound butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) are phenolic compounds that are often added to foods to preserve fats  and oils and keep them from becoming rancid. They are added to food, cosmetics, and packing of products that contain fats to maintain nutrient levels, color, flavor, and odor. BHT is also sold as a dietary supplement for use as an antioxidant. The chemicals are found in an extensive list of products, yet there is concern about their safety. Take a look at the chemical properties of these molecules, how they work, and why their use is controversial. BHA Characteristics BHA is a mixture of the isomers 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and 2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole. Also known as BOA, tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methoxyphenol, tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, antioxyne B, and under various trade namesMolecular formula C11H16O2White or yellowish waxy solidFaint characteristic aromatic odor BHT Characteristics Also known as 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene; methyl-di-tert-butyl phenol; 2,6-di-tert-butyl-para-cresolMolecular formula C15H24OWhite powder How Do They Preserve Food? BHA and BHT are antioxidants. Oxygen reacts preferentially with BHA or BHT rather than oxidizing fats or oils, thereby protecting them from spoilage. In addition to being oxidizable, BHA and BHT are fat-soluble. Both molecules are incompatible with ferric salts. In addition to preserving foods, BHA and BHT are also used to preserve fats and oils in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. What Foods Contain BHA and BHT? BHA is generally used to keep fats from becoming rancid. It is also used as a yeast de-foaming agent. BHA is found in butter, meats, cereals, chewing gum, baked goods, snack foods, dehydrated potatoes, and beer. It is also found in animal feed, food packaging, cosmetics, rubber products, and petroleum products. BHT also prevents oxidative rancidity of fats. It is used to preserve food odor, color, and flavor. Many packaging materials incorporate BHT. It is also added directly to shortening, cereals, and other foods containing fats and oils. Are BHA and BHT Safe? Both BHA and BHT have undergone the additive application and review process required by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, the same chemical properties which make BHA and BHT excellent preservatives may also be implicated in health effects. The research leads to conflicting conclusions. The oxidative characteristics and/or metabolites of BHA and BHT may contribute to carcinogenicity or tumorigenicity; however, the same reactions may combat oxidative stress and help detoxify carcinogens. Some studies indicate low doses of BHA are toxic to cells, while higher doses may be protective, while other studies yield exactly the opposite results. There is evidence that certain persons may have difficulty metabolizing BHA and BHT, resulting in health and behavior changes. Yet, BHA and BHT may have antiviral and antimicrobial activities. Research is underway concerning the use of BHT in the treatment of herpes simplex and AIDS. References and Additional Reading This is a fairly long list of online references. While the chemistry and effectiveness of BHA, BHT, and other additives within food is straightforward, the controversy surrounding health effects is hot, so several points of view are available. Adverse Effects of Some Inactive Ingredients - Summary of health effects reported for dyes and preservatives, including food colors, BHA, BHT, sodium benzoate, nitrates, nitrites, and monosodium glutamate.Chemical Cuisine: CSPIs Guide to Food Additives - This site includes a glossary, explanation of cancer testing, alphabetical listing of additives, and a list of additives that have been banned.Common Food Additives - CNN In-Depth provides this chart listing additives and their chemistry, uses, common products containing the additives, and reported side effects.Fresh Look at Food Preservatives - Judith E. Foulke provides an overview of the preservative use and regulation, she specifically discusses BHA, BHT, and sulfites.Chemical Sensitivity Homepage - This site discusses the inability of damaged nervous tissue to metabolize specific toxins.The Feingold Association of the United States - The Feingold Association provides extensive information about the effects of petroleum-derived ad ditives and salicylates (both natural and synthetic) on the behavior/health of susceptible persons.